The Diagnostic Criteria of TemporoMandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) are a simple, repeatable tool with validated language for interpreting a patient’s medical history, evaluation and whether imaging is needed. They also provide tools for interpreting the psychosocial and behavioral aspects of the patient to understand whether the complained pain requires a multidisciplinary approach. DC/TMD involves two axes of evaluation: AXIS I (physical) and AXIS II (psychosocial). Twelve major temporomandibular disorder conditions were identified within AXIS I, which include myalgia, arthralgia and headache attributable to TMD, four different disc displacement conditions, degenerative joint disease, subluxation and dislocation of the temporomandibular joint. Psychosocial factors are at least as important in achieving treatment outcomes as are physical factors. Identifying these factors at the time of patient intake allows to set up functional treatment strategies. In addition, AXIS II management appears to have better prognostic value than AXIS I.