The classification and treatment – both medication and physiotherapy – of muscle injuries is a hot topic within the international scientific community as testified by the numerous scientific papers published in the literature, some of which are of major interest. The Italian Sports Medicine community has also contributed to promo- ting scientific knowledge in this field with the “Italian Consensus Conference on Guidelines for Conservative Treatment of Lower Limb Muscle Injuries in Athletes” organized by the Italian Society of Arthroscopy in April 2017. This paper presents a particularly delicate and interesting aspect discussed during the Italian Consensus Conference, namely the complications following direct or indirect muscle injuries.