The term spondylolisthesis indicates the sliding forward of a vertebra in relation to the one below. In most cases the sliding is in the posterior-anterior sense, and it can be of varying degree. It mainly occurs in adults from the fourth decade of life on: given the coexistence of degenerative phenomena of all components of the functional spinal unit and the probable existence of comorbidities, it is often difficult to differentiate the primary source of the symptoms. Moreover, since the clinical manifestation of this problem is extremely variable and there are no symptoms that are specific to this condition, during the patient interview it is necessary to carefully evaluate the subjective details reported by the patient in order to narrow down the diagnostic hypotheses, arrive at a complete picture of the problem and so be able to apply the best therapeutic strategies.