Descriptions have long existed in the literature of the various types of alterations present in the muscular activity and movements of patients affected by pain of a musculoskeletal origin. Recently, however, emphasis has also been placed on the need to consider other individual factors to properly understand these patients. The SMARTERehab approach offers a multidimensional evidence-based system for the assessment and treatment of patients that takes into account all the characteristics related to their specific condition. The proposed system of treatment can be easily integrated with all the manual techniques currently employed by physiotherapists.