In most cases, it is not possible to identify the exact structure or tissue responsible for the symptoms in musculoskeletal patients. Hence, these disorders have been termed “non-specific”. In clinical practice the treatment of these disorders is based on the impairments reported by the patient, such as range of motion (ROM) deficits, physical weakness or psychosocial factors. Recent studies have shown that sensorimotor dysfunction can play a role in musculoskeletal disorders, particularly in chronic pain patients. This article discusses papers published in the literature on this topic and underlines the role of sensorimotor dysfunction in the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders.