Hamstring strain injuries in sports: the role of eccentric
exercise in preventing incidence and recurrence
Lorenzo Holneider, Piero Luigi Valentini
Hamstring strain injuries are among the most common injuries in athletes and carry a high risk of recurrence1. These injuries often occur in sports that involve high-speed running or repetitive kicking, particularly during rapid, explosive movements that combine hip flexion and ipsilateral knee extension, such as those seen in the terminal swing phase of running1, 3. A series of maladaptations following the initial injury contribute to a predisposition for future hamstring strains. Key modifiable risk factors include the shortening of muscle fascicle length and a reduction in eccentric strength. Therefore, prevention and rehabilitation programs should focus on exercises that promote fascicle lengthening and increase eccentric strength. Eccentric exercise has proven to be an effective tool for achieving these goals. However, its integration into broader injury prevention programs remains insufficient in professional sports. To safeguard athletes’ long-term health, a significant cultural shift is necessary as well as increasing awareness and promoting the adoption of eccentric exercises among all professionals involved in athletes’ training and clinical management.